\u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u00dcniversitesi \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00d6\u011fretim G\u00f6revlisi, Yol ve Trafik G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 \u00d6zg\u00fcr \u015eener, t\u00fcnel kazalar\u0131n\u0131n neden daha kritik oldu\u011funu ele ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcnellerde ya\u015fanan kazalar<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e7ok daha karma\u015f\u0131k olabiliyor<\/strong><\/p>\n Karayollar\u0131nda meydana gelen trafik kazalar\u0131n\u0131n her zaman ciddi sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabildi\u011fini dile getiren \u00d6zg\u00fcr \u015eener, \u201cAncak t\u00fcnellerde ya\u015fanan kazalar, a\u00e7\u0131k yollardaki kazalardan farkl\u0131 olarak \u00e7ok daha karma\u015f\u0131k olabilir. \u00d6zellikle deniz alt\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en uzun t\u00fcnellerde meydana gelebilecek bir kaza; yang\u0131n, duman, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f kayb\u0131, maruz kalan insanlar\u0131n panikle g\u00fcvenli olmayan davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131, tahliye zorlu\u011fu ve ikincil \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar gibi bir\u00e7ok ilave olumsuz sonucu beraberinde getirebilir.\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n T\u00fcnellerde k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir olay k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede b\u00fcy\u00fcyebiliyor<\/strong><\/p>\n A\u00e7\u0131k yollarda s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin alternatif g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar ve ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f alanlar\u0131 bulundu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatan \u00d6zg\u00fcr \u015eener, \u201cA\u00e7\u0131k yollarda s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler i\u00e7in ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f alanlar\u0131, alternatif g\u00fczerg\u00e2hlar ve do\u011fal havaland\u0131rma imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 bulunurken, t\u00fcneller kapal\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 alanlard\u0131r. Bu nedenle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 bir olay bile k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ciddi bir g\u00fcvenlik sorununa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir.\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.\u00a0<\/p>\n \u00d6zg\u00fcr \u015eener, t\u00fcnellerde meydana gelen kazalar\u0131n baz\u0131 ay\u0131rt edici \u00f6zelliklerini, \u201cKa\u00e7\u0131\u015f alanlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmas\u0131, \u00f6zellikle tek y\u00f6nl\u00fc t\u00fcnellerde kaza b\u00f6lgesi \u00f6ncesinin tahliye edilememesi, s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler ve ta\u015f\u0131ttaki yolcular\u0131n panik haldeki davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yeni tehlikeli durumlara sebep olmas\u0131, yang\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu ise alevlerin ve duman\u0131n h\u0131zla yay\u0131lmas\u0131yla hayati tehlikeye sebep olmas\u0131, hareket alan\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131t\u0131 sebebiyle acil m\u00fcdahale ekiplerinin olay yerine ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n daha zor olmas\u0131, takip mesafesine yeterince dikkat edilmemesi sebebiyle zincirleme kazalar\u0131n daha kolay meydana gelmesi, ortamda duman varsa g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f mesafesinin ani \u015fekilde d\u00fc\u015febilmesi, yang\u0131n durumunda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 y\u00fckselmesi ve hayati tehlikeye sebep olmas\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d \u015feklinde anlatt\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>\n \u015eener, bu nedenle d\u00fcnya genelinde t\u00fcnellerin, normal karayolu kesimlerinden daha y\u00fcksek g\u00fcvenlik standartlar\u0131yla tasarland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve i\u015fletildi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n Deniz alt\u0131 t\u00fcnellerinde \u00e7ok katmanl\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik sistemi bulunuyor<\/strong><\/p>\n Modern deniz alt\u0131 t\u00fcnellerinde y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc kamera sistemleri, yapay zek\u00e2 destekli olay alg\u0131lama teknolojileri, yang\u0131n alg\u0131lama sistemleri, acil ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f koridorlar\u0131 ve geli\u015fmi\u015f haberle\u015fme altyap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten \u00d6zg\u00fcr \u015eener, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n \u201c<\/strong>Modern deniz alt\u0131 t\u00fcnelleri \u00e7ok katmanl\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik sistemleriyle donat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcnelin tamam\u0131 y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc kameralarla izlenir. Operat\u00f6rler trafik ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 olarak takip eder ve herhangi bir ola\u011fan d\u0131\u015f\u0131 durumda an\u0131nda m\u00fcdahale ba\u015flatabilir. Yapay zek\u00e2 ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc i\u015fleme teknolojileri sayesinde; duran ara\u00e7, ters y\u00f6nde giden ara\u00e7, rutin ak\u0131\u015fa g\u00f6re yava\u015flayan trafik, \u015ferit ihlali, duman olu\u015fumu, yola d\u00fc\u015fen nesne veya ya\u011f vb. s\u0131v\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fclmesi gibi rutin d\u0131\u015f\u0131 durumlar saniyeler i\u00e7erisinde tespit edilebilmektedir. T\u00fcnellerde s\u0131cakl\u0131k sens\u00f6rleri, duman dedekt\u00f6rleri ve yang\u0131n alg\u0131lama sistemleri bulunur. Olas\u0131 yang\u0131n durumunda havaland\u0131rma sistemleri otomatik olarak devreye girerek duman\u0131n tahliye y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc kontrol eder. Uzun t\u00fcnellerde belirli aral\u0131klarla acil \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f kap\u0131lar\u0131 ve ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f galerileri yer al\u0131r. Bu alanlar insanlar\u0131n g\u00fcvenli b\u00f6lgelere ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Acil durum telefonlar\u0131, anons sistemleri ve radyo yay\u0131n entegrasyonlar\u0131 sayesinde s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclere anl\u0131k bilgilendirme yap\u0131labilir. \u00d6zellikle deniz alt\u0131 t\u00fcnellerinde bas\u0131n\u00e7, deformasyon, su s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 ve yap\u0131 hareketleri s\u00fcrekli sens\u00f6rlerle takip edilir. Olas\u0131 riskler daha kritik seviyeye ula\u015fmadan tespit edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n D\u00fczenli bak\u0131m ve denetim b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor<\/strong><\/p>\n G\u00fcvenlik sistemlerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fczenli bak\u0131m ve denetimin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaydeden \u00d6zg\u00fcr \u015eener, \u201cUluslararas\u0131 uygulamalarda; Farkl\u0131 senaryolar\u0131 i\u00e7eren periyodik g\u00fcvenlik tatbikatlar\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r. Yang\u0131n senaryolar\u0131 test edilir. Kamera ve sens\u00f6r sistemleri d\u00fczenli olarak kontrol edilir. Havaland\u0131rma performans\u0131 s\u00fcrekli olarak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. Acil tahliye s\u00fcreleri de\u011ferlendirilir. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z teknik denetimler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Ama\u00e7, herhangi bir acil durumda sistemlerin teoride de\u011fil pratikte de \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olmakt\u0131r.\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n T\u00fcnel kazalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc insan kaynakl\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n t\u00fcnel kazalar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde insan fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn etkili oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini dile getiren \u00d6zg\u00fcr \u015eener, \u201cS\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler t\u00fcnel i\u00e7erisinde mesafe alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesi nedeniyle h\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 fark\u0131nda olmadan art\u0131rabilmektedir. Kapal\u0131 ortam hissi nedeniyle s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler \u00f6ndeki araca normalden daha yak\u0131n seyredebilmektedir. Bu durum ani frenlemelerde zincirleme kazalara yol a\u00e7abilmektedir. Kapal\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 belirli bir g\u00fczergahta s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in telefon kullan\u0131m\u0131, navigasyonla ilgilenme veya ara\u00e7 i\u00e7i dikkat da\u011f\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 unsurlar t\u00fcnel i\u00e7erisinde g\u00fcvenli s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f\u00fc olumsuz etkilemektedir. T\u00fcnellerde \u015ferit de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi yap\u0131lmas\u0131 istenmemekle birlikte \u00f6zellikle sab\u0131rs\u0131z s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 beklenmeyen \u015ferit de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ve ani ani manevralar kazalara sebep olabilmektedir.\u201d \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu. \u00a0<\/p>\n \u015eener, motor ar\u0131zalar\u0131, lastik patlamalar\u0131, akaryak\u0131t veya elektrik t\u00fckenmesi, y\u00fck kaynakl\u0131 problemlerin de t\u00fcnel i\u00e7indeki plans\u0131z duru\u015flar\u0131n ve bu duru\u015flardan kaynaklanan olumsuz olaylar\u0131n \u00f6nemli nedenleri aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131.\u00a0<\/p>\n \u00a0S\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc psikolojisi g\u00fcvenli\u011fi etkileyebiliyor<\/strong><\/p>\n Klostrofobi e\u011filimi bulunan ki\u015filerde stres seviyesinin artabilece\u011fini belirten \u015eener, \u201cYa\u015fanan olaylardan sonra, olaya kar\u0131\u015fanlar ile yap\u0131lacak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler ile ortaya konmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemine inanmakla birlikte, klostrofobi e\u011filimi olan ki\u015filerde stres art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fe olan olumsuz etkisi, uzun t\u00fcnellerde monotonlu\u011fa ba\u011fl\u0131 dikkat azalmas\u0131, yeterli veya uygun olmayan ayd\u0131nlatma ve yol kenar\u0131 referans ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcye yeteri kadar bilgi vermemesi, \u00a0kapal\u0131 alan hissinin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerginlikle bir an \u00f6nce \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fa ula\u015fma iste\u011finin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kontrols\u00fcz h\u0131z, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131na odaklanma nedeniyle \u00e7evresel fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalmas\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc performans\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir.\u201d ifadesinde bulundu.<\/p>\n \u00d6zg\u00fcr \u015eener, t\u00fcnele giri\u015fte ya\u015fanan g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 bir \u0131\u015f\u0131k seviyesine ge\u00e7i\u015fin etkisi ve yine t\u00fcnel \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen \u0131\u015f\u0131k seviyesi nedeniyle g\u00f6zlerin \u0131\u015f\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fimine uyum sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131n da k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f problemlerine neden olabildi\u011fini, s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin g\u00fcvenli olmayan davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131na sebep olabildi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n \u00a0H\u0131z limitlerine ve takip mesafesine uyulmal\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u00fcnellerde g\u00fcvenli s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f i\u00e7in h\u0131z limitlerine uyulmas\u0131n\u0131n ve g\u00fcvenli takip mesafesinin korunmas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten \u015eener, s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclere \u015fu \u00f6nerilerde bulundu:<\/p>\n \u201cT\u00fcnel i\u00e7inde anons sistemi varsa, bu anonslar ve s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc uyar\u0131lar\u0131 dikkatle dinlenmeli ve bu anonslara uyulmal\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcnel otoritesi taraf\u0131ndan belirlenmi\u015f h\u0131z limitlerine kesinlikle uyulmal\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcnel otoritesi taraf\u0131ndan belirlenmi\u015f g\u00fcvenli takip mesafesi korunmal\u0131, durumsal olarak \u00f6ndeki s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 iyi g\u00f6zlemlenerek gerekmesi durumunda takip mesafesi artt\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck i\u00e7in farlar a\u00e7\u0131k tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eerit de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi yap\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Cep telefonu ve di\u011fer dikkat da\u011f\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 cihazlar kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcnel giri\u015finde ani fren yap\u0131lmamal\u0131. Arac\u0131n akaryak\u0131t ve enerji durumu t\u00fcnele giri\u015f \u00f6ncesi kontrol edilmelidir.\u201d<\/p>\n Acil durumda panik yap\u0131lmamal\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n Olas\u0131 bir kaza veya yang\u0131n durumunda s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin \u00f6ncelikle t\u00fcnel y\u00f6netiminin anonslar\u0131n\u0131 takip etmesi gerekti\u011fini ifade eden \u015eener, \u201cVarsay\u0131mlarla ve panikle de\u011fil do\u011fru durum de\u011ferlendirmesi yap\u0131larak g\u00fcvenli ve kontroll\u00fc hareket etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak esast\u0131r. \u00a0En \u00f6nemli konu, t\u00fcnel otoritesinin anonslar\u0131na ve t\u00fcnel acil durum ekiplerinin y\u00f6nlendirmelerine eksiksiz uymakt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yetkililer ya\u015fanan olumsuz durumun tamam\u0131n\u0131 bilmekte ve de\u011ferlendirmektedir. \u00d6zellikle yang\u0131n durumunda ilk birka\u00e7 dakika kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n \u00f6nceli\u011fi ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 veya ara\u00e7lar\u0131nda varsa k\u0131ymetli ekipman vb. kurtarmak de\u011fil, olabilecek en g\u00fcvenli ve en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede g\u00fcvenli b\u00f6lgeye ula\u015fmak olmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n G\u00fcvenlik ortak sorumluluk<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u00fcnellerin m\u00fchendislik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en g\u00fcvenli ula\u015f\u0131m yap\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten \u00d6zg\u00fcr \u015eener, s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle tamamlad\u0131:<\/p>\n \u201cT\u00fcneller, modern ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmez unsurlar\u0131d\u0131r ve m\u00fchendislik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en g\u00fcvenli ula\u015f\u0131m yap\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131rlar. Ancak bu g\u00fcvenli\u011fin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilmesi; geli\u015fmi\u015f teknolojik sistemler kadar s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin kurallara uyumuna da ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. H\u0131z limitlerine uyulmas\u0131, takip mesafesinin korunmas\u0131 ve acil durum prosed\u00fcrlerinin bilinmesi, t\u00fcnellerde ya\u015fanabilecek riskleri \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle deniz alt\u0131 t\u00fcnellerinde g\u00fcvenlik yaln\u0131zca m\u00fchendislik meselesi de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla \u015fekillenen ortak bir sorumluluktur.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Kaynak: (BYZHA) Beyaz Haber Ajans\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u00dcniversitesi \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00d6\u011fretim G\u00f6revlisi, Yol ve Trafik G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 \u00d6zg\u00fcr \u015eener, t\u00fcnel kazalar\u0131n\u0131n neden daha kritik oldu\u011funu ele ald\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22534,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22533","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22533","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22533"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22533\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22535,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22533\/revisions\/22535"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22534"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22533"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22533"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22533"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}