\u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u00dcniversitesi NP\u0130STANBUL Hastanesi N\u00f6roloji Uzman\u0131 Dr. Celal \u015eal\u00e7ini, prosopagnozi (y\u00fcz k\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn) nedenleri, belirtileri, ki\u015finin sosyal ya\u015fam\u0131na etkileri ve kesin tedavisi bulunmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen kullan\u0131lan telafi edici y\u00f6ntemler hakk\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulundu.<\/p>\n
Beyin y\u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6rse de kim oldu\u011funu tan\u0131yam\u0131yor!<\/strong><\/p>\n N\u00f6rolojik literat\u00fcr\u00fcn en sars\u0131c\u0131 alg\u0131 bozukluklar\u0131ndan birinin prosopagnozi (y\u00fcz k\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc) oldu\u011funu ifade eden\u00a0Dr. Celal \u015eal\u00e7ini, \u201cProsopagnozi ki\u015finin g\u00f6rme yetisinde hi\u00e7bir fiziksel kusur olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen y\u00fczleri tan\u0131yamamas\u0131 durumudur.\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n \u00dcnl\u00fc n\u00f6rolog Oliver Sacks\u2019\u0131n eserlerini \u00f6rnek g\u00f6steren\u00a0Dr. \u015eal\u00e7ini, \u201cHastalar g\u00f6z, burun veya a\u011f\u0131z gibi tekil y\u00fcz bile\u015fenlerini net bir \u015fekilde alg\u0131layabilir; ancak beyin bu par\u00e7alar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir kimlikte birle\u015ftiremez. Ki\u015fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki insan\u0131n y\u00fcz hatlar\u0131n\u0131 en ince ayr\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131na kadar g\u00f6rse de beynin g\u00f6rsel veriyi zihindeki kimlik k\u00fct\u00fcphanesiyle e\u015fle\u015ftirememesi nedeniyle o y\u00fcz\u00fcn kime ait oldu\u011funu \u00e7\u00f6zemez.\u201d \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n \u015eiddetli vakalarda ki\u015fi kendi y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc bile tan\u0131yamayabilir!<\/strong><\/p>\n Prosopagnozinin derinli\u011finin hastadan hastaya geni\u015f bir yelpazede \u00e7e\u015fitlilik g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini kaydeden\u00a0Dr. \u015eal\u00e7ini, \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n \u201cHafif seyreden durumlarda yaln\u0131zca yeni tan\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ki\u015filer unutulurken, a\u011f\u0131r vakalarda birey en yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 bile te\u015fhis edemez h\u00e2le gelebilir. Dr. Oliver Sacks\u2019\u0131n eserine ad\u0131n\u0131 veren Dr. P.\u2019nin, e\u015finin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bir \u015fapka san\u0131p tutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak kadar ileri d\u00fczey bir g\u00f6rsel agnozi ve prosopagnozi ya\u015famas\u0131 bu durumun dramatik bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. \u015eiddetli vakalarda ki\u015fi e\u015fini, \u00e7ocu\u011funu, annesini ve hatta aynaya bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kendi y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc dahi tan\u0131yamaz; yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131rt edebilmek i\u00e7in ses tonu, belirgin bir tak\u0131 veya y\u00fcr\u00fcme tarz\u0131 gibi ikincil ipu\u00e7lar\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 kal\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n Y\u00fcz tan\u0131madan sorumlu beyin a\u011flar\u0131 hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ya da do\u011fu\u015ftan i\u015flevsiz olabilir!<\/strong><\/p>\n Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir beyinde y\u00fcz tan\u0131ma i\u015fleminin, temporal lobun alt k\u0131sm\u0131nda yer alan \u2018fusiform y\u00fcz alan\u0131\u2019 (FFA) adl\u0131 \u00f6zelle\u015fmi\u015f b\u00f6lge sayesinde saliseler i\u00e7inde ve b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir \u015fablon \u00fczerinden ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini aktaran\u00a0Dr. \u015eal\u00e7ini, \u201cProsopagnozide ise fusiform y\u00fcz alan\u0131ndaki n\u00f6ral a\u011flar veya bu b\u00f6lgenin haf\u0131za merkezleriyle olan ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 hasar g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ya da do\u011fu\u015ftan i\u015flevsizdir. Beyin b\u00fct\u00fcnsel alg\u0131lama yetisini kaybetti\u011fi i\u00e7in bili\u015fsel s\u00fcre\u00e7 adeta bir dedektif gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flar; y\u00fcz\u00fc bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak hissetmek yerine ka\u015f yap\u0131s\u0131, \u00e7ene \u00e7izgisi gibi detaylar\u0131 tek tek analiz etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ancak bu analitik yakla\u015f\u0131m anl\u0131k tan\u0131may\u0131 sa\u011flamada yetersiz kal\u0131r.\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n Klinik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve Sacks\u2019\u0131n vakalar\u0131n\u0131n, y\u00fcz k\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn hem geli\u015fimsel (do\u011fu\u015ftan) hem de kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f (sonradan) formlar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi\u011fine i\u015faret eden\u00a0Dr. \u015eal\u00e7ini, \u201cDo\u011fu\u015ftan olan t\u00fcrde beyin, genetik veya erken geli\u015fimsel fakt\u00f6rler nedeniyle y\u00fcz tan\u0131ma a\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7 olu\u015fturamazken; sonradan geli\u015fen vakalarda inme (fel\u00e7), kafa travmalar\u0131, beyin t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri, ensefalit gibi enfeksiyonlar veya Alzheimer gibi n\u00f6rodejeneratif hastal\u0131klar ana etkendir. Beynin sa\u011f alt temporal b\u00f6lgesinde meydana gelen bir doku hasar\u0131, bireyin o g\u00fcne kadar sorunsuz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan y\u00fcz haf\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 aniden veya kademeli olarak silip atabilir.\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n Hastalar ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 durumun klinik bir n\u00f6rolojik bozukluk oldu\u011funun fark\u0131nda olmayabilir!<\/strong><\/p>\n Oliver Sacks\u2019\u0131n g\u00f6zlemlerine at\u0131fta bulunan\u00a0Dr. Celal \u015eal\u00e7ini, \u201cPek \u00e7ok hasta ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 durumun klinik bir n\u00f6rolojik bozukluk oldu\u011funun fark\u0131na varmadan y\u0131llarca ya\u015fayabilir.\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n \u00d6zellikle do\u011fu\u015ftan prosopagnozik olan bireylerin, herkesin d\u00fcnyay\u0131 kendi g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri gibi alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsayd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 dile getiren\u00a0Dr. \u015eal\u00e7ini, \u201cBu sebeple durumlar\u0131n\u0131 \u2018isim haf\u0131zam zay\u0131f\u2019, \u2018dikkatim da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k\u2019 veya \u2018insanlar\u0131 birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorum\u2019 diyerek ge\u00e7i\u015ftirirler. Beyin, ki\u015finin fark\u0131nda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 telafi mekanizmalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirerek ses ve giysi detaylar\u0131yla durumu maskeledi\u011finden, ger\u00e7ek te\u015fhis s\u0131kl\u0131kla yeti\u015fkinlik d\u00f6neminde tesad\u00fcfen ya da n\u00f6rolojik de\u011ferlendirmeler sonucunda koyulur.\u201d diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n Kesin bir t\u0131bbi veya cerrahi tedavisi yok!<\/strong><\/p>\n Y\u00fcz k\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, yaln\u0131zca alg\u0131sal bir engel olmakla kalmay\u0131p bireyin sosyal ve psikolojik dengesini de derinden sarst\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7eken\u00a0Dr. Celal \u015eal\u00e7ini, \u201cSokakta \u00e7ok yak\u0131n bir arkada\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131ndan selam vermeden ge\u00e7mek ya da bir yabanc\u0131ya yak\u0131nl\u0131k g\u00f6stermek, ki\u015fide zamanla yo\u011fun bir mahcubiyet ve sosyal kayg\u0131 olu\u015fturur. \u00c7evresi taraf\u0131ndan s\u0131k s\u0131k \u2018kibirli\u2019, \u2018so\u011fuk\u2019 ya da \u2018ilgisiz\u2019 olarak etiketlenen hastalar, yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131lma korkusuyla kendilerini toplumdan soyutlamaya ba\u015flarlar. Sacks\u2019\u0131n eserlerinde de alt\u0131 \u00e7izildi\u011fi \u00fczere bu s\u00fcrekli tetikte olma h\u00e2li, ki\u015fiyi zamanla insan ili\u015fkilerinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rarak derin bir i\u00e7e kapanma ve yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa s\u00fcr\u00fckleyebilir.\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n H\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda prosopagnozinin beyindeki hasarl\u0131 y\u00fcz tan\u0131ma mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 tamamen iyile\u015ftiren kesin bir t\u0131bbi veya cerrahi tedavisi bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden\u00a0Dr. \u015eal\u00e7ini, s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle tamamlad\u0131:<\/p>\n \u201cN\u00f6rolojik rehabilitasyon s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde beynin esneklik (n\u00f6roplastisite) yetene\u011finden yararlanan bili\u015fsel egzersizler denense de temel yakla\u015f\u0131m ki\u015fiye \u2018telafi edici stratejiler\u2019 \u00f6\u011fretmektir. T\u0131pk\u0131 Oliver Sacks\u2019\u0131n vakas\u0131 Dr. P.\u2019nin insanlar\u0131 ve nesneleri zihninde m\u00fczikal ritimler ve belirli karakteristik ipu\u00e7lar\u0131yla e\u015fle\u015ftirerek hayat\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeyi ba\u015farmas\u0131 gibi; hastalara da ki\u015fileri ses tonu, konu\u015fma ritmi, sa\u00e7 kesimi, duru\u015f veya belirgin aksesuarlar \u00fczerinden ay\u0131rt etme teknikleri kazand\u0131r\u0131larak g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeleri sa\u011flan\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Kaynak: (BYZHA) Beyaz Haber Ajans\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u00dcniversitesi NP\u0130STANBUL Hastanesi N\u00f6roloji Uzman\u0131 Dr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30163,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30162","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30162"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30162\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30164,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30162\/revisions\/30164"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30163"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30162"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30162"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/akdenizolay.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30162"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}